The Select Link dialog, when opened via the edit frame button in Experience Editor, might ignore the context language and display the content tree only in the English language. For example, when editing a link field in a non-English version, the content tree shows the English display names.
To resolve the issue download and install the appropriate patch available on this page:
https://github.com/SitecoreSupport/Sitecore.Support.195242/releases.
To get a solution for other releases contact Sitecore Support.